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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| C | Carbon element, the principal combustible constituent of all fuels. |
| CaCO3 | Calcium Carbonate. |
| Calorie | The mean calorie is 1/100 of the heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water from Zero° C to 100° C at a constant atmospheric pressure. It is about equal to the quantity of heat required to raise one gram of water 1° C. Another definition is: A calorie is 3600/860 joules. |
| Calorimeter | Apparatus for determining the calorific value of a fuel. |
| Capacity Factor | The ratio of the average load carried to the maximum design capacity. |
| Carbon | Element. The principal combustible constituent of all fuels. |
| Carryover | The chemical solids and liquid entrained with the steam from a boiler. |
| Casing | A covering of sheets of metal or other material such as fire resistant composition board used to enclose all or a portion of a steam generating unit. |
| Central Station | A power plant or steam heating plant that generates power or steam. |
| Centrifugal Fan | Consists of a fan rotor or wheel within a housing that discharges air at a right angle to the axis of the wheel. |
| Chemical Analysis | Determination of the principal chemical constituents. |
| Chemical Feed Pipe | A pipe inside a boiler drum through which chemicals for treating the boiler water are introduced. |
| Chimney | A brick, metal or concrete stack. |
| Circulation | The movement of water and steam within a steam generating unit. |
| Circulation Ratio | The ratio of water entering a circuit to the steam generated by that passes that circuit in a unit of time. |
| Circulator | A pipe or tube to pass steam or water between upper boiler drums usually located where the heat absorption is low. Also used to apply to tubes connecting headers of horizontal water tube boilers with drums. |
| Cleanout Door | A door placed so that accumulated refuse may be removed room a boiler setting. |
| CO | Carbon monoxide. |
| CO2 | Carbon dioxide. |
| Collector | A device used for removing gas borne solids from flue gas. |
| Colloid | A finely divided organic substance which tends to inhibit the formation of dense scale and results in the deposition of sludge, or causes it to remain in suspension, so that it may be blown from the boiler. |
| Combustible Loss | The loss representing the unliberated thermal energy occasioned by failure to oxidize completely some of the combustible matter in the fuel. |
| Combustibles | The heat producing constituents of a fuel. |
| Combustion | The rapid chemical combination of oxygen with the combustible elements of a fuel resulting in the release of heat. |
| Combustion Air | Air used in the combustion process. Air contains oxygen which is required to combust fuel. |
| Combustion Chamber | See Furnace. |
| Combustion Efficiency | The effectiveness of the burner to completely burn the fuel. A well designed burner will operate with as little as 10 to 20% excess air, while converting all combustibles in the fuel to useful energy. |
| Complete Combustion | The complete oxidation of all the combustible constituents of a fuel. |
| Concentration | (1) The weight of solids contained in a unit weight of boiler or feed water. (2) The number of times that the dissolved solids have increased from the original amount in the feedwater to that in the boiler water due to evaporation in generating steam. |
| Condensate | Condensed water resulting from the removal of latent heat from steam. |
| Conduction | The transmission of heat through and by means of matter unaccompanied by any obvious motion of the matter. |
| Conductivity | (1) A material property relating heat flux (heat transferred per unit area per unit time) to a temperature difference. In American units, it is typically defined as the amount of heat (Btu) transmitted in one hour through one square foot of material 1 inch thick, with a temperature difference of 1° F between the two surfaces of the material. (2) The property of a water sample to transmit electric current under a set of standard conditions. Usually expressed as microhms conductance. |
| Continuous Blowdown | The uninterrupted removal of concentrated boiler water from a boiler to control total solids concentration in the remaining water. |
| Control | Any manual or automatic device for the regulation of a machine to keep it at normal operation. If automatic, the device is motivated by variations in temperature, pressure, water level, time, light, or other influences. |
| Control Valve | A valve used to control the flow of air, gas, water, steam or other substance. |
| Convection | The transmission of heat by the circulation of a liquid or gas. It may be natural, with the circulation caused by buoyancy affects due to temperature differences, or forced with circulation caused by a mechanical device such as a fan or pump. |
| Corrosion | The wasting away of metal due to chemical action. In a boiler, usually caused by the presence of O2, CO2, or an acid. |
| Crown Sheet | In a firebox boiler, the plate forming the top of the furnace. |
| Crude Oil | Unrefined petroleum. |
| CSD-1 | Abbreviation for the ASME standard for Controls and Safety Devices. |
